One of the fundamental principles of a halal diet is only consuming foods that are not forbidden in the teachings of Islam. A food is generally considered to be halal if it does not contain pork, alcohol, insects, meat from a carnivorous animal, such as a dog or tiger, or a bird of prey, such as an eagle, or insects. Other meat and poultry is usually permitted if it is slaughtered according to Islamic law, which requires the animal to be alive and blessed in the name of the Islamic God, Allah, before being slaughtered. Islam law also dictates that the animal must be slaughtered in such a way as to have all of its blood removed.
Bread in a halal bakery.
A bakery typically is required to go through a certification process before it can be officially promoted as a halal bakery. Certification may be rewarded by Islamic-based agencies, which can generally be found in the majority of areas with high Islamic populations. In order to be considered halal, a bakery will usually have its products analyzed by halal investigators to ensure the baked goods only contain permitted food items. If a bakery uses an ingredient that has an unknown origin, such as an animal byproduct in which it cannot be determined if slaughtering was performed properly, investigators may opt to not allow for halal bakery certification.
Table of Contents
In Islam, Qurbani is obligatory for all Muslims who pay Zakat.
Allah told us many verses in the Quran about the benefits and obligations of giving Qurbani.
Qurbani Hadith
Our beloved prophet has many Hadiths about Qurbani and how important it is.
- Narrated Anas: “The Prophet offered as sacrifices, two horned rams, black and white in color. He slaughtered them with his own hands and mentioned Allah’s Name over them and said Takbir and put his foot on their sides.” (Bukhari, Edahi:7)
- Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet said on the day of Nahr, “Whoever has slaughtered his sacrifice before the prayer, should repeat it (slaughter another sacrifice).” (Bukhari, 68)
Qurbani Story
When Ibrahim’s (A.S) firstborn son, Ismail (A.S), was old enough to walk around with his father and work with him, it was revealed in a dream to Ibrahim (A.S) that he must sacrifice his son. Ismail (A.S) did not question this command, just like his mother, Hajar (A.S) had not asked it when Allah commanded Ibrahim (A.S) to leave her and her baby son in the desert all those years ago.
‘He (Ismail) said, “O my father! Do as you are commanded. If Allah wills, you shall find me of the patient”’. (Qur’an, 37:102)
Both father and son were prepared to sacrifice Ismail’s life, but Shaytan wanted to dissuade them.
In this narration, Ibrahim (A.S) stoned Shaytan three times; in other narrations, Shaytan appeared separately to Ibrahim, Hajar, and Ismail (A.S). Each time, he tried to convince them that Ibrahim (A.S) was about to commit a terrible crime; each time, they attested that if it was from Allah, they must accept it. Each of them stoned Shaytan. (Tabari and Hakim)
It seems impossible to us that someone could be prepared to sacrifice their beloved child, the person most dear to them in the world, especially when obstacles have been placed in their way on three separate occasions. However, the family of Ibrahim (A.S) were so forceful in their rejection of disobeying Allah that they threw stones at Shaytan. It is this stoning that we remember at Hajj.
Donate Your Qurbani
These days the easiest way to donate Qurbani is an online donation.
Don’t hesitate and donate your Qurbani to the Bonyan Organization on Eid Al-Adha.
Because it is a great way to contribute without having to go through all the trouble of finding and buying a live animal on your own.
FAQ
Sadaqah is mentioned in the Qur’an multiple times in its chapters.
- In surah two, verse thirty-three Allah says: “And be steadfast in prayer; practice regular charity, and bow down your heads with those who bow down (in worship)”. From the Qur’an we learn that giving is simply worth “the reward with their Lord: on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve” (
- And He has made me blessed wherever I am and has enjoined upon me Prayer and Zakah as long as I remain alive. (Surah Maryam 19:31).
- Who is it that would loan Allah a goodly loan so He may multiply it for him many times over? And it is Allah who withholds and grants abundance, and to Him, you will be returned” (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:245).
- You will not attain to piety until you spend of that which you love” (Surah Al’Imran, 92).
- Charitable men and charitable women, who have loaned Allah a good loan—it will be multiplied for them, and for them is a generous reward. (Surah al-Hadid, 18).
Return on Investment 700%
This verse tells metaphorically the reward for charity. Giving one dollar to Sadaqah brings multiple rewards. The Sadaqah has a positive effect on the recipient as one dollar is transferred sequentially to the benefit of others.
The verse tells us that everything we offer has the ability to increase 700 times. This means that the return on investment is 700%.
Attaining Piety
True piety does not consist in turning your faces towards the east or the west – but truly pious is he who believes in
And spends his substance however much he himself may cherish it, upon his:
- Near of kin.
- Constant in prayer.
- Renders the purifying dues.
- Who keep their promises whenever they promise.
- Patient in misfortune
- Hardship, and in time of peril: it is they that have proved themselves true, and it is they, they who are conscious of God.
No Fear or Grief After the Death
Fear and grief are the two basic emotions that a man experiences unlimited times throughout life. Fear easily crept into the mind, strong, uncontrollable and unpleasant emotions due to actual or perceived threats or danger.
In grief, man is usually very sad, mourning, and sorrowful. Fear is a “pre-” and grief is a “post-” emotion to any moment in life.
Sadaqah for Health
The Messenger (SAW) said, “Treat your sick by giving Sadaqah”. Abu Bakr Al-Khubaaziy said, “I had a very dangerous illness, so a neighbor of mine saw me and said, ‘Act upon the statement of Allaah’s Messenger (SAW), ‘Treat your sick by giving Sadaqah’.
It was summertime, so I bought many watermelons and gathered a group of poor people and children. They ate and then supplicated for me to be cured.
By Allaah! I did not reach the next morning except that Allaah granted me wellbeing.”.
Sadaqah occurs thirteen times in the Qur’an; five times as Sadaqah, and eight times as its plural. Sadaqat is a very wide term and used in the Quran to cover all kinds of charity.
Which Verse in the Quran Talks About Charity?
The Qur’an spoke in many surahs about Charity, such as Surat Al-Baqara, Al-Imran, and At-Tawbah.
What Does the Quran Say About Helping the Poor?
The Holy Quran says, “and when other relations and orphans and the poor are present at the division of the heritage, give them something therefrom and speak to them words of kindness.”, (Surat AL-Nisa’, 8).
What Does the Quran Say About Helping Those in Need?
In the Quran, Allah (SWT) says: “Help one another in acts of piety and righteousness. And do not assist each other in acts of sinfulness and transgression. And be aware of Allah. Verily, Allah is severe in punishment”, (Surat Al-Ma’idah, 2).
What Is The Rate of Zakat in Cash?
Zakat is payable at 2.5% of the wealth one possesses above the Nisab.
Is Zakat Applicable on Monthly Salary?
If you are spending your salary on daily living, you have no wealth left on which to pay for Zakat.
Introduction / History
Naan is the bread of life throughout South Asia. The Nanbai are a community that are experts in baking this popular bread. The word Nanbai is from Persian N?nv?, which means baker. Most likely these expert naan makers originated from families of cooks that served in the northern Indian courts of Muslim rulers.
The Nanbai speak both Urdu and Hindi. Most Nanbai live in the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and a very few live in South India. They are found mainly in the urban districts of Lucknow, Faizabad, Barabanki, Kanpur, Aligarh and Moradabad. Many of the Muslim Nanbai migrated to Pakistan after Indian independence in 1947 and have settled in Karachi, Sindh. A few of them live also in Nepal.
What Are Their Lives Like?
A Nanbai might work from home where he has his own equipment, or he might even take his work to the streets. They use their bare hands to knead dough, slap it into shape, and attach it in the oven. Soon, they retrieve it and serve it to their customers. Fathers teach their young sons how to make naan and they carry this skill from generation to generation.
Today, most Nanbai still work as bakers and cooks. Some also run tea stalls, while others pull rickshaws, which are an economical form of public transport.
The Nanbai only marry within their own community. They have no formal clan system. They perceive themselves to be forming part of the prestigious Muslim Shaikh community.
What Are Their Needs?
The Nanbai face exploitation by the traders and by the flour mill owners who sell them their essential wheat flour at an inflated price. Then the Nanbai are prohibited from selling naan for a price they deem as fair. To achieve their goal of a fair price for their products, they stage demonstrations and organize peaceful protests by shutting down their naan production from time to time. They need to be able to earn a fair living.
Prayer Points
Pray for the Lord to bless the Nanbai community economically and spiritually.
Pray that the Bread of Life, Jesus, will reveal himself to Nanbai community, and be met with open hearts and minds.
Pray that Bibles, Christian literature, and gospel recordings will find their way to Nanbai homes.
Pray for the Lord to send them Urdu speaking gospel workers who will clearly explain Christ and teach them the way of discipleship.
Pray for Muslim background Nanbai disciples to disciple others.
Pray that the people should understand and embrace that Jesus wants to bless their families and neighborhoods.
Text Source:
Joshua Project
My family’s secret recipe to make the Best and Authentic Falafel. It is made with chickpeas. Fresh herbs. Here’s my step-by-step tutorial on how to make it.
Which is your favorite way to eat falafel? Warm pita sandwiches with honey tahini or creamy hummus are my favorite way to enjoy falafel. You can also enjoy it with other dishes or as part a mezze spread (see below for lots of ideas!
A friend of my father owned a small falafel shop in the middle of the souq. On weekends, we would often go to Mr. Bishay’s shop and eat his delicious falafels. They could be smelled from miles away!
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What’s Falafel?
It, a Middle Eastern fast food, is made from chickpeas or fava beans, fresh herbs and spices. It can be made into small patties or balls. Falafel is believed to have originated in Egypt, where Coptic Christians sought a healthy alternative to meat during long periods of fasting and lent. It is also a popular Middle East vegan food.
It is still a staple food in Egypt. You can buy it from street vendors in nearly every neighborhood. You can find it in sandwiches with a drizzle of Tahini, loads of Mediterranean Salad, and slices of roasted or fried eggplant .
This easy vegan recipe is made from simple ingredients that you can find in your daily life. High quality spices are the key to great It, so make sure you buy high-quality spices such as cumin or coriander to spice up your falafel recipe. Below are some more tips.
This is what I love about this recipe
Important: No canned chickpeas Dry chickpeas are best for the best flavor and texture. Falafel recipes that use canned chickpeas are not authentic and can cause falafel patties to disintegrate in hot oil.
Delicious and hearty. My recipe uses the perfect combination of spices cumin and coriander. Fresh herbs are also added to give it a bold, authentic flavor.
You can make ahead and freeze this recipe. This recipe is easy to prepare ahead and can even be frozen for later use.
Suggested Read: The Islamic World by Ladan Akbarnia, Nahj al-Balagha by Imam Ali Ibn Abi Taleb, Lost Islamic History by Firas Alkhateeb, Stranger The History by Aatish Taseer, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) by Abu Moosa Reza, Islamic Art by Luca Mozzati and Islamic History For Kids: Story of Uhud
Ingredients
Dried chickpeas Avoid canned chickpeas Dried chickpeas, which have been soaked in water for 24 hrs, are essential to give falafel its consistency and flavor. Tip To soften dried chickpeas, I add 1/2 teaspoon of baking soda in the soaking water.
- Fresh herbs:fresh cilantro, parsley, and dill are the key ingredients to this authentic recipe.Onion I use yellow onions most often, but you could also use white or red onions.
- Onion I use yellow onions most often, but you could also use white or red onions.
- Garlic: For the best flavor, use fresh garlic cloves.Kosher salt & pepper:to your taste
- Kosher salt & pepper:to your taste
- Spices:cumin and coriander. This trio of spices, along with fresh herbs, is what gives falafel its bold authentic flavor.
- Baking powder:this gives falafel a light, fluffy texture.Sesame Seeds: These are not required, but I like the extra nuttiness.
- Sesame Seeds: These are not required, but I like the extra nuttiness.
Step-by-Step Instructions
1. Chickpeas should be soaked for 24 hours. Once they are soaked, cover them with plenty of water. Add baking soda to soften them. As they soak, the chickpeas should at least double in size. Drain well.
2. Mix the ingredients together. Add chickpeas and fresh herbs (parsley and cilantro, and dill), onion, garlic, and spices to a food processor. Pulse a bit at a moment until the mixture is well-combined. It will be ready when it resembles coarse meal.
& Refrigerate (important.) Place the falafel mixture in a bowl. Cover and place in the refrigerator for at least one hour. The chilled mixture will be easier to form falafel patties because it will stay together longer.
3. Make patties or balls.
4. Fry. Fry is the traditional method of cooking falafel. The oil can be heated on medium heat until it bubbles lightly.
Use a slotted spoon to carefully drop the falafel into the oil. Fry for 3-4 minutes or until golden brown. If necessary, fry the falafel in batches to avoid overcrowding.
Tip It’s always a good idea for one falafel to be fried first, so that the oil temperature doesn’t need to be altered.
Falafel can be served for breakfast, lunch or dinner. Many Middle Easterners, including Egyptians, start their days with falafel. This is similar to how Americans start their mornings with cereal.
Important Tips
1. Use dry chickpeas. The best texture and flavor comes from dry chickpeas that have been soaked for 24 hours in water. The starch in dry chickpeas will ensure that your falafels stay firm. Your falafels will become mushy if you use canned chickpeas.
2. Mix the falafel ingredients. The shaping process is made easier by chilling for at least an hour. The good news is that you can make the falafel mixture in advance and let it chill overnight.
3. Mix the baking powder with the falafel mixture and form into patties. Baking powder helps to make the falafel fluffy.
4. Heat oil in a large saucepan. Deep frying is the best way to get crispy falafel. The oil should be warm and bubbling but not hot enough to cause falafel to disintegrate. You can deep fry the falafel in a safe thermometer (affiliate Link); it should reach 375F (for my stove that is medium-high heat).
5- When cooked, falafel should look crispy on the outside and fluffy on the inside.
Baked falafel
Lightly oil a baking sheet and heat the oven to 350°F. Before baking, brush each patt with extra virgin olive oil. Bake for 15 to 20 minutes. Turn the falafel patties halfway through baking.
Preparing and freezing
Make ahead: The prepared It mixture can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 2 days. When ready to fry, form it into patties.
Place the uncooked falafel patties onto a parchment-lined baking sheet and let them freeze for one hour. When the patties have hardened, place them on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and freeze for 1 month. Falafel can also be baked or fried from frozen.
How to serve It
Middle Eastern Style Falafel is served hot on the streets of Middle East with a large amount of Tahini Sauce.
Make a sandwich with falafel: Garb warm pita pockets with It and drizzle it with tahini. You can also add fresh greens like arugula, fresh diced tomatoes, cucumbers and pickles.
A brunch board: Serve your flalafel alongside a variety of fresh vegetables, cheese, and dips, just like I did on my brunchboard.
Serve falafel alongside small plates such as Turkish-inspired Fried Eggplant, Tabouli Salad or Balela salad
Suggested Read: Dua Leaving House, Dua of Forgiveness, Dua of Taraweeh, Dua of Musa Alayhi’salam, Dua For Success, Dua For Marriage , Dua For Rain, Dua For Parents, Powerful Dua and Dua For The Sick
CONCLUSION
Dip it: Try my Baba Ganoush or Classic Creamy Hummus to dip your falafel!
Surah 105. Al-Fil
105. Al-Filبِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِاَلَمْHave notتَرَyou seenكَیْفَhowفَعَلَdealtرَبُّكَyour Lordبِاَصْحٰبِwith (the) Companionsالْفِیْلِؕ(of the) Elephant
اَلَمْDid notیَجْعَلْHe makeكَیْدَهُمْtheir planفِیْgoتَضْلِیْلٍۙastray
وَّ اَرْسَلَAnd He sentعَلَیْهِمْagainst themطَیْرًاbirdsاَبَابِیْلَۙ(in) flocks
تَرْمِیْهِمْStriking themبِحِجَارَةٍwith stonesمِّنْofسِجِّیْلٍ۪ۙbaked clay
فَجَعَلَهُمْThen He made themكَعَصْفٍlike strawمَّاْكُوْلٍ۠eaten up
Translation of Verse 1-5In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful
1.Did you not see1 how your Lord dealt with the fellows of the elephants?2
2.Did He not make their stratagem useless?3
3.And did He not send against them flights of birds?4
4.Which hurled upon them stones of baked clay5, 6.
5.And made them like the chaff, eaten7 (by the cattle).
1.Although the Prophet is addressed directly, the real addressees are the Quraish and the people of Arabia who were well aware of this event.
2.By fellows of the elephant (Ashabul-feel) is meant Abraha and his army, that had advanced with elephants to demolish the House of Allah (Ka’ba). The details of this event have not been described by the Quran, because this event was known to everybody. Besides, at the time of the revelation of this Surah eye-witnesses of this event were also living. Therefore, Quran considered it sufficient to mention only the instructive and moralistic aspect of the event, as to how Allah in an extra-ordinary way arranged to safeguard His House. There are no details of this event even in the traditions of the Prophet, however in the narratives and books on the life of the Prophet some details have been mentioned, particularly in the biography by Ibn Ishaq this event has been described in detail, but it also contains some exaggeration. Same is the case with other narrations. Therefore, keeping those narratives before us, we will try to give only those details whose authenticity is supported by circumstantial evidence and which appear to be reasonable. This event took place in 570 or 571 A.D., when there was a Christian ruler of Yemen, named Abraha, who was subordinate to the Christian King of Abyssinia. The ruler of Yemen became jealous when he saw that the Arabs were attracted towards Ka’ba, which was the centre of their religious belief, and every year they gathered there in very large numbers. Out of jealousy he constructed a big church in Sana in order that the Arabs might be attracted towards it, instead of towards Ka’ba. He also planned to demolish Ka’ba and with this purpose in view he proceeded towards Makkah with a large army of 60,000 soldiers. In the front of this army there were a number of elephants and on account of this they were called the fellows of the elephants, or the people of the elephant.
In the way, from Yemen to Makkah, some Arab tribes tried to oppose him, but were unsuccessful, and the army reached the valley of Muhassir, which is near Mina, only a few miles from Makkah.
When the Quraish came to know of this invasion, their chief, Abdul Muttalib, who was the grandfather of the Prophet, prayed to Allah, holding the gate of the House of Ka’ba. Other ‘people of Quraish were also with him in his prayer the verses of poetry which he recited on the occasion are:
“O Allah! The slave protects the people of his household, you also protect Your people,
Let not their Cross and their strength overcome Your strength.
If You want to leave them and our Qibla like this, then it is Your wish.”-(Seerat Ibn Hisham Vol. I, P. 51)
For Quraish who were small in number to resist the army of 60,000 soldiers was very difficult. If they had clashed, the hope of success was very remote. The problem was of the security of the House of Allah, the security of the first House, which was built for the worship of Allah. Its extra-ordinary importance and greatness demanded that the arrangements for its security should be extra-ordinary. The divine ire stirred and then the invading army was not allowed to advance any further. The special elephant of Abraha which was in the front suddenly sat down in the valley of Muhassir. He was beaten till he was wounded, but he did not get up. If he were directed towards Yemen, Syria or the east, he would rise and run, but when he was turned towards Makkah he would sit down. In the meanwhile swarms of birds came flying, carrying stones and pebbles in their beaks and claws; and hurled them upon the army. The peculiarity of these missiles was that whomsoever they touched, developed on his body a boil which started dripping blood and pus, and in a short time the whole body dissolved. As appears from some narratives, perhaps it was a dangerous disease like the small pox, which had suddenly broken out in the army. The missiles which were made of the baked clay were so much poisonous that their mere touch was sufficient to putrefy Human body.
This epidemic attacked the army in such a violent form that there was a panic and hundreds of soldiers died. Abraha also suffered very badly. Pus and blood were dripping from his body too, and his body was decaying. In the end his breast burst open and he died a very painful death.
This event took place in the month of Muharram, and the same year the Prophet was born in Makka. (Al-bidaya wan-Nihaya, Vol. I, P.51)
The most important aspect of this event is that Allah made extra-ordinary arrangements for protecting His House. The rain of pebbles and stones from the beaks of the birds and the pebbles and stones that were more deadly than the bullets, were the signs of the Divine Miracle; and such signs appear on special occasions only. As regards its historical proof, the Quran itself is the greatest-historical proof, because if the statement of the Quran were wrong-and such a thought can come to only those who do not believe in the authenticity of the Quran —then the citizens of Makka would have emphatically denied it. But since there were eyewitnesses of the event living amidst them, and on account of the fame of the event everybody knew it, and therefore they did not dare deny the statement of the Quran. Besides, the poets of the pre-Islamic days have mentioned this event in their verses, for example Nufail who is an eye witness of the event, says:
“I thanked God, when I saw the birds, and feared that no stone from the rain of the stones falling on us might hit me.” And of the defeat of Abraha he has to say as under:
“Where one can escape when God is chasing, and shameless (Abraha) is defeated and he is not victorious.” -(Seerat Ibn Hisham, Vol. I, P. 53-54).
3.That is: The steps taken by Abraha for demolishing the House of Ka’ba were made unsuccessful by Allah and he did not succeed in his unholy intentions.
There was no hand of any devi or devta in defeating the assault of the fellows of the elephants. It was the miraculous power of Allah which appeared in the form of a punishment for the invaders. The people of Arabia also admitted this, and therefore the Arab poets have called it the miracle of Allah only, and the Quraish, who prayed with Abdul Muttalib, at the gate of Ka’ba, prayed to God alone, and not to the idols. This is the proof of the fact that the oneness of Allah is based on truth, for accepting which the Prophet is inviting the Arabs and all the people and that idol-worship is totally based on falsehood.
4.This is the detail how Allah defeated the stratagem of the fellows of the elephants. To destroy them Allah dispatched swarms of birds, in other words the army of the elephants was opposed by the army of the birds.
The narrators say that these birds were of a special kind and had come from the direction of the sea.
5.In the text the word “Sijjeel” has been used, which is an Arabic form of the combination of the Persian words (Sang and gil). It means those stones which are made up of the baked clay. In volcanic regions the clay takes the form of stones, and perhaps that clay is called ‘Sijjeel’ and it is no wonder if the birds might have brought the stones from such a region, and in them there might have been some poisonous matter, or some poisonous germs which caused the epidemic. Any way they were not the common stones, but were a special kind of stones, and that is why Quran has expressly mentioned them as stones of the kind of sijjeel.
6.This pelting of stones by the birds was a kind of bombardment from the air which destroyed the elephants and their fellows too.
The dropping of the stones has been described as (tarmeehim), pelting stones, because they had showered the stones on the army in such a way that the entire army had become its target, as if they were arrows which directly hit the targets. It is likely this might have happened on account of the high speed breeze which might have blown at that time. Probably because of this some Arab poets have called this pelting of stones by the birds as ‘Hasib’, that is the wind that showers stones.
One interpretation of the swarms of the birds that is given is that the birds had come to eat the carcasses of the elephants, and not to pelt stones. But this interpretation is not acceptable with reference to the context, and besides the eating of the dead bodies by the birds is not such a thing as Quran should make a special mention of. Therefore, the majority of the commentators who have explained that these birds had come to pelt stones and not to eat the carcasses of the elephants are correct.
As regards the question whether the Quraish resisted the invasion of the army, the answer is that there was no physical clash between the two peoples. They were in Makka and the army was between Mina and Muzdalifa, and therefore, neither this statement is correct that they ran and hid in the hills as mentioned in some of the narratives nor is this version correct that they pelted stones at the army from the hillside.
The statement of the Quraish hiding in the hills does not appear to be correct, because they were not cowards, and the advance of Abraha was resisted by some Arab tribes in the way to Mecca, as mentioned in these narratives. Then how can we believe that Quraish would not have opposed the invaders? How could their honour tolerate that they should run away leaving the House of Allah unprotected? And for protecting the House of Allah not a single soul should remain in the city! From the verses of Abdul Muttalib quoted above no signs of cowardice appear. Since they were small in number, and their success was doubtful, Allah made extra-ordinary arrangements for defending His House. The claim that the Quraish threw stones at the army from the hillside, and that the birds did not drop them, is a claim without any supporting proof; and when the going of the Quraish near the army of Abraha is not proved, then the question of their pelting stones at the army does not arise.
7.That is: Allah punished the fellows of the elephants in such a way that they became a mound of rotten carcasses, and a lesson to others. To liken it to the chaff that is eaten is with a view to stating that the big army become as insignificant and useless as the chaff which can be trampled. When the chaff is eaten by the cattle, It takes a very ugly shape. The fellows of the elephants met the same fate, and for this reason they have been likened to the eaten chaff.
Pelting of stones on Abraha’s army Map of Abraha’s Invasion of Ka’ba Ka’ba Flock of birds Valley of Muhassir Arafat Taif Muzdalifa Mina Makkah (From where Abraha’s army started) San’a Yamen